文章转载自“中国外文局翻译院”公众号

　　2026年3月12日下午，十四届全国人大四次会议表决通过了《中华人民共和国生态环境法典》。这是我国继民法典之后，第二部以“法典”命名的法律。生态环境法典共5编、1242条，各编依次为：总则、污染防治、生态保护、绿色低碳发展、法律责任和附则。

　　On Mar. 12, 2026, Chinese lawmakers voted to adopt the Ecological and Environmental Code at the closing meeting of the fourth session of the 14th National People's Congress. It is China's second formal statutory code, after the Civil Code. The Code comprises 1,242 articles in five chapters including the general provisions, pollution prevention and control, ecological protection, green and low-carbon development, legal liability and supplementary provisions.

　　生态环境法典将为实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化进一步筑牢法治基础。最高人民法院8月6日发布关于适用《中华人民共和国生态环境法典》时间效力的若干规定。这是生态环境法典首个配套司法解释，于8月15日与法典同步施行。

　　An environmental code will further forge a solid legal foundation for China to achieve modernization with harmony between humanity and nature. On Aug. 6, China's top court issued a set of provisions, marking the first judicial interpretation supporting the country's Ecological and Environmental Code. The provisions take effect simultaneously with the Code on Aug. 15.

　　重要讲话

　　1.在生态文明体制改革方面，提出完善生态文明基础体制，健全生态环境治理体系，健全绿色低碳发展机制;提出实施分区域、差异化、精准管控的生态环境管理制度，健全横向生态保护补偿机制，实施支持绿色低碳发展的财税、金融、投资、价格政策和标准体系，加快规划建设新型能源体系。

　　To further reform in the eco-environmental field, the document lays out plans for improving the basic systems for eco-civilization, improving eco-environmental governance, and improving mechanisms for green and low-carbon development. It also specifies the requirements to implement region-specific eco-environmental management systems featuring differentiated and targeted regulation, improve the trans-regional compensation mechanism for ecological conservation, adopt fiscal, financial, investment and pricing policies as well as standards to support green and low-carbon development, and accelerate the planning and development of a new energy system.

　　－－习近平在中共二十届三中全会上所作的说明

　　－－Part of Xi Jinping’s Speech at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee.

　　2.必须始终坚持用最严格制度最严密法治保护生态环境，保持常态化外部压力。要进一步建立健全和严格执行生态环境法规制度，坚持运用好、巩固拓展好强力督察、严格执法、严肃问责等做法和经验。

　　We must protect the eco-environment with the strictest laws and institutions to maintain ongoing pressure. Environmental laws and regulations need to be further improved and strictly enforced. Best practices in robust supervision, rigorous law enforcement, and stringent accountability should be effectively applied, strengthened and expanded.

　　－－习近平在全国生态环境保护大会上讲话的一部分

　　－－Part of Xi Jinping’s speech at the National Conference on Eco-environmental Protection.

　　3.要强化法治保障。统筹推进生态环境、资源能源等领域相关法律制定修订，以良法保障善治。完善公益诉讼，加强生态环境领域司法保护。实施最严格的地上地下、陆海统筹、区域联动的生态环境治理制度，全面实行排污许可制。

　　We must strengthen legal guarantees. We will make coordinated efforts to formulate and revise laws related to the environment, resources, and energy, so that good laws are made to ensure good governance. We will improve public interest litigation and strengthen environment-related judicial protection. We will implement the strictest possible system for environmental governance above and below ground, on land and at sea, and among regions, and enforce a pollutant discharge permit system across the board.

　　－－习近平在全国生态环境保护大会上讲话的一部分

　　－－Part of Xi Jinping’s speech at the National Conference on Eco-environmental Protection.

　　4.生态文明建设是关系中华民族永续发展的根本大计，是关系党的使命宗旨的重大政治问题，是关系民生福祉的重大社会问题。在全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程上，要保持加强生态文明建设的战略定力，注重同步推进高质量发展和高水平保护，以"双碳"工作为引领，推动能耗双控逐步转向碳排放双控，持续推进生产方式和生活方式绿色低碳转型，加快推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化，全面推进美丽中国建设。

　　Building an eco-civilization is a fundamental policy that bears on the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. It is a major political issue that relates to the Party's mission and purpose, and a key social issue that impacts the people's wellbeing. On the new journey towards our country's socialist modernization, we should resolve to promote eco-environmental progress, and synergize high-quality development with high-standard environmental protection. Pursuing the goals of peak carbon and carbon neutrality, we should shift from dual control over the volume and intensity of energy use to dual control over the volume and intensity of carbon emissions. To this end, we should promote a green and low-carbon transition in our work and life, accelerate modernization underpinned by harmony between humanity and nature, and advance the Beautiful China initiative across the board.

　　－－习近平在首个全国生态日之际作出的指示

　　－－Part of Xi Jinping’s Directive on the first National Ecology Day.

　　相关词汇

　　《中华人民共和国生态环境法典》

　　Ecological and Environmental Code of the People's Republic of China

　　污染防治

　　pollution prevention and control

　　绿色低碳发展机制

　　mechanisms for green and low-carbon development

　　横向生态保护补偿机制

　　trans-regional compensation mechanism for ecological conservation

　　排污许可制

　　pollutant discharge permit system

　　全面推进美丽中国建设

　　advance the Beautiful China initiative across the board

－ END －

文字来源：《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷中英文版、

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